In Sessoms v. USHealth Advisors, LLC, the Fourth Circuit reversed the Eastern District of North Carolina and held that USHealth Advisors, LLC could enforce an arbitration clause contained in a lead-generation website’s Terms of Use against a consumer bringing TCPA claims.

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Plaintiff Cynthia Sessoms alleged that USHealth violated the TCPA through prerecorded telemarketing calls. USHealth argued that Sessoms had previously agreed to arbitration when she sought insurance quotes through a NextGen/FirstQuoteHealth lead-generation website.

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In , the Fourth Circuit in Jackson v. Protas, Spivok & Collins LLC held that a debt collection law firm could not enforce an arbitration clause contained in a consumer loan agreement because the firm was not “servicing” the loan within the meaning of the contract.

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In LaRosa v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the Fourth Circuit held that interest obligations arising from an erroneous IRS refund can constitute “unpaid tax” eligible for equitable innocent spouse relief under 26 U.S.C. § 6015(f).

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In American Acceptance Corporation of SC v. Gietz , the Fourth Circuit held that a secured creditor’s rights in collateral can temporarily give way when the property becomes critical evidence in a criminal prosecution.

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In Goddard v. Burnett, the Fourth Circuit affirmed what many bankruptcy judges (especially in the Eastern Disttrict of North Carolina) have been signaling for years: the mechanical safe harbor of § 1325(b) does not displace the equitable backbone of Chapter 13—good faith.

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In , the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit considered whether servicemembers could sue the Maryland governor or Supreme Court Justices for alleged violations of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA).

The plaintiffs—active-duty servicemembers and their spouses—had default-type judgments domesticated and enforced against them in Maryland without the SCRA’s required protections (such as affidavits regarding military status and appointment of counsel).

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In a published decision that will reverberate through both the consumer bankruptcy and mortgage servicing worlds, the Fourth Circuit in affirmed summary judgment for mortgage servicers, holding that accurate, properly disclaimed, and timely mortgage communications sent during a Chapter 13 case are not “debt collection” under the FDCPA—and therefore do not violate the automatic stay.

The Facts (and the Fight)

Ruben Palazzo, a Chapter 13 debtor, received the familiar trio of communications from his mortgage servicer:

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The Fourth Circuit recently issued a published opinion in Dale v. Peoples Bank Corp. addressing a question that arises whenever creditors pursue bank accounts to satisfy a judgment: can a bank be sued for conversion when it turns over funds pursuant to state judgment-enforcement procedures? The court’s answer was a clear no.

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In Tederick v. LoanCare, LLC, the Fourth Circuit vacated a summary judgment ruling that had dismissed a consumer class action against mortgage servicer LoanCare under the West Virginia Consumer Credit and Protection Act (WVCCPA). The appellate court held that the statute imposes strict liability, meaning that a borrower does not need to prove the servicer intended to violate the law.